The Kentucky Derby has a complex history with regards to Black participation. Black jockeys played a crucial role in the early years of the Kentucky Derby, winning 15 out of the first 28 runnings of the race. Some of the most notable Black jockeys include Oliver Lewis, Alonzo Clayton, Isaac Murphy, and Jimmy Winkfield.

However, as the sport of horse racing became more commercialized and segregated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Black jockeys began to face discrimination and were gradually pushed out of the industry. By the 1920s, Black jockeys had largely disappeared from the ranks of professional horse racing, including the Kentucky Derby.

Despite this history of exclusion, there have been significant contributions by Black trainers, owners, and supporters in the more recent history of the Kentucky Derby. In 2019, jockey Kendrick Carmouche became the first Black jockey to race in the Kentucky Derby since 2013. Additionally, Black trainers like Greg Foley and Karl Broberg have made their mark in the industry.

The legacy of Black participation in the Kentucky Derby serves as a reminder of the racial barriers that have existed in horse racing and the ongoing efforts to promote diversity and inclusion in the sport.